Maps

The Western CapeFig. 1.1 The Western Cape The VOC WorldFig. 1.5 The VOC World
Rock Art SitesFig. 3.2 Rock Art Sites Early Cedarberg Settler FarmsFig. 3.4 Early Cedarberg Settler Farms
Loan Farms Claimed by Khoisan and Mixed-Race IndividualsFig. 3.10 Loan Farms Claimed by Khoisan and Mixed-Race Individuals Sites of ContestFig. 3.11 Sites of Contest
Burger Family FarmsFig. 6.3 Burger Family Farms Lubbe Family FarmsFig. 7.4 Lubbe Family Farms
The Journey CaabwaardsFig. 8.2 The Journey Caabwaards
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Reproductions of Archival Materials

The detail of both geographic features and human settlement on this map indicates the extent of colonial expansion and increasing European knowledge about the landscapes of southern Africa at the time that John Barrow traveled there.Fig. 2.1 Colonial Settlement in 1798 The entirety of Willem and Elsje's material possessions were summarized on one page.Fig. 6.1a Willem Burger’s Inventory, 1731
Increased skills with quill and ink from one generation to the next suggests that the third generation of colonial settlers had time to pursue some form of education, and that their parents had more resources to devote to the family beyond the needs of immediate survival.Fig. 6.8a Elsje van der Merwe's Signature Increased skills with quill and ink from one generation to the next suggests that the third generation of colonial settlers had time to pursue some form of education, and that their parents had more resources to devote to the family beyond the needs of immediate survival.Fig. 6.8b Jacobus van der Merwe & Andries Burger's Signatures
Increased skills with quill and ink from one generation to the next suggests that the third generation of colonial settlers had time to pursue some form of education, and that their parents had more resources to devote to the family beyond the needs of immediate survival.Fig. 6.8c Helena Smit's Signature Increased skills with quill and ink from one generation to the next suggests that the third generation of colonial settlers had time to pursue some form of education, and that their parents had more resources to devote to the family beyond the needs of immediate survival.Fig. 6.8d Hester Smit's Signature
The creation of a magisterial district 1837 marked the increasing presence of the colonial state in the Cedarberg. The district's jagged outline indicates the limits imposed by a rugged topography. The long, narrow leg at the south of the district follows the upper Olifants River Valley, claiming the arable valley floor for Clanwilliam, leaving the high Cedarberg to the east and the sandy coastal plain to the west to neighboring districts. The dense crosshatching of farm boundaries within the district shows the extent to which even the marginal lands and rocky hills were eventually incorporated into private land ownership.Fig. 9.1 Clanwilliam Magisterial District, 1920 Substantial buildings, trees planted for shade and windbreaks, and cultivated fields (in the background) suggest this farm inherited the legacy of orthodoxy that settlers had established by the end of the eighteenth century in the Olifants River Valley.Fig. 9.2 Nineteenth-Century Farm, Clanwilliam
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Archival Transcript

The entirety of Willem and Elsje's material possessions were summarized on one page.Fig. 6.1b. Willem Burger’s Inventory, Transcribed
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Tables

Five Years of Cedarberg Loan farm Claims Fig. 3.5. First Five Years of Cedarberg Loan Farm Claims Cedarberg Loan Farm Tenure Patterns Fig. 3.6. Cedarberg Loan Farm Tenure Patterns
Increasing Number of Loan Farm Claims Fig. 3.7. Increasing Number of Loan Farm Claims in the Eighteenth Century Khoisan and Mixed-Race Loan Farm ClaimantsFig. 3.9. Khoisan and Mixed-Race Loan Farm Claimants
Inheritance Advantages of Close Cousin MarriagesFig. 5.3. Inheritance Advantages of Close Cousin Marriages Declining Marriage to Immigrants Fig. 5.8. Declining Marriage to Immigrants in Three Generations of Van der Merwes
Status and Relationships Among Early Loan Farm ClaimantsFig. 6.6. Status and Relationships Among Early Loan Farm Claimants Schalk Willem Burger's Estate, 1782Fig. 6.7. Schalk Willem Burger's Estate, 1782
Continuity of Land Tenure in Lubbe Family Loan FarmsFig. 7.6. Continuity of Land Tenure in Lubbe Family Loan Farms Buyers at Barend Lubbe's AuctionFig. 7.7. Buyers at Barend Lubbe's Auction Ranked by the Value of Their Purchases
List of Stopping PlacesFig. 8.3. List of Stopping Places on the Journey Caabwaards
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Photographs

The Olifants River is significant for human history in the Western Cape. Fig. 0.1. The Olifants River Near Its Headwaters A perennial source of water in a rugged landscape. Fig. 0.2. The Olifants River
A range of vegetation grows in the semi-arid Cedarberg. This landscape is near the Modder Valleij loan farm claimed by Andries Lubbe, 1751–1785. Fig. 1.2. Cedarberg Plantscape The Cedarberg range of the Cape Fold Belt is rugged terrain punctuated with few natural passes. Fig. 1.3. The Cedarberg Mountains
The Cape Fold Belt displays dramatic geologic formations. This mountain is near the Misgunt and Halve Dorschvloer loan farms claimed by Willem Burger and Schalk Willem Burger.Fig. 1.4. Wolfberg Large game animals such as eland are no longer wild in the Cedarberg, but their presence in rock art suggests they once grazed in the region. Fig. 3.1. Eland Torsos, Kridouw Krans
A site of contest: Now called Warmhoek Shelter, this site along the Jan Dissels River is between the 1725 Klein Valleij and 1726 Zeekoe Valleij loan farm claims. Fig. 3.3a. Warmhoek A site of contest: Now called Warmhoek Shelter, this site along the Jan Dissels River is between the 1725 Klein Valleij and 1726 Zeekoe Valleij loan farm claims. Fig. 3.3b. Warmhoek detail
Evidence of gender differentiation emerges in Cedarberg rock art, a sign of social structures that left few other traces. Fig. 3.12a. Woman, Salman's Laagter Evidence of gender differentiation emerges in Cedarberg rock art, a sign of social structures that left few other traces. Fig. 3.12b. Men, Warmhoek
At elevation and with limited perennial water, landscapes such as this were used regularly by Khoisan, then subsequently claimed as loan farms by settlers and Khoisan or mixed-race individuals. In this region, Cornelis Koopman claimed Doornbosch in 1754 while the nearby Onrust was claimed by Barend Lubbe and then by his son Frans (1750–1791). Fig. 3.13. Landscape Near Doornbosch Despite formidable barriers, people have traversed the Cedarberg for thousands of years. The dirt road visible at the lower right corner of the photo follows a natural pass from the floor of the Olifants River valley toward the Cedarberg. Fig. 4.2. A Path Into the Cedarberg
This family monument, on the farm Boplaas in the Koue Bokkeveld, commemorates the unbroken chain of Van der Merwe forebears who have owned this farm since Isaac van der Merwe's claim in the 1730s. Fig. 5.1. Van der Merwe Monument at Boplaas The dramatic landscape along the Doorn River was the site of the second wave of loan farm claims, including those of Frans Lubbe and his in-laws, the Mouton family. Fig. 7.5. The Doom River
Passage through the landscape from the Olifants River region toward Cape Town was arduous in the eighteenth century. Travel is much easier today, as this gravel road picks a sure path through the undulations of the Cedarberg vegetation. (Of course, driving on the tarred national highway is even easier.) Fig. 8.5. The Road Caabwaards This mix of native plants, planted trees, and agricultural fields abutting the rocky slopes of the Cedarberg suggest the work that settlers undertook in order to colonize the Olifants River region. Fig. 9.3. Olifants River Valley
Challenging the notion of wilderness, this ruin from the nineteenth century shows evidence of having been used well into the twentieth century. This building is in the vicinity of the Brakkefontein (Doorn) farm on the map of Early Cedarberg Settler Farms, though it is not likely that this building was connected to those early land claims. Fig. 10.1. Farm Ruin, Bidouw More prosperous—or at least more elaborately built—this farmhouse located along the Jan Dissels River is further evidence of settlers' longstanding efforts to re-shape the Cedarberg's landscape according to European-based, agriculturalist norms. This site is to the south of the Klein Valleij farm on the other side of the Jan Dissels River. Fig. 10.2. Farm Ruin, Olifants River Valley
Showing evidence of possession and elements of identity, this twentieth-century building with Cape-Dutch style gables firmly locates this farm in a cultural landscape. Fig. 10.3. An Olifants River Farm, Late Twentieth Century
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Genealogy Charts

Genealogy chart: Fig. 4.1. The Vosloo Family Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.2. The Van der Merwe Family
Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.2a. Sophia van der Merwe & Roelof Pasman Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.2b. Schalk van der Merwe & Anna Prevot (also 5.9)
Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.2c. Marietje van der Merwe & Barend Burger (also 6.2) Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.2d. Aletta van der Merwe with Marthinius van Staden and Nicolaas Janse van Rensburg (also 5.5)
Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.2e. Magteld van der Merwe & Pieter van Heerden Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.2f. Elsie van der Merwe & Albert Myburgh
Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.2g. Hendrik van der Merwe d'oud Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.4. Burger-van der Merwe Marriages
Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.5. Aletta van der Merwe's Children and Their Marriages Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.6. Botha-van der Merwe Marriages
Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.7. van Heerden-van der Merwe Marriages Genealogy chart: Fig. 5.9. Prevalence of Close Cousin Marriages and Marriage to Immigrants Across Three Generations of One Van der Merwe Descent Line
Genealogy chart: Fig. 6.2. The Burger Family Genealogy chart: Fig. 6.4 Selected Burger Family Relationships
Genealogy chart: Fig. 6.5 Willem Burger & Elsje van der Merwe's Descendants Genealogy chart: Fig. 7.1. The Lubbe Family
Genealogy chart: Fig. 7.2. Barend’s Siblings Genealogy chart: Fig. 7.3. Barend & Martha’s Children with Their Spouses
Genealogy chart: Fig. 8.1. The Campher Family Genealogy chart: Fig. 8.4. The van Wyk Family
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