“I Saw a Nightmare…”
Doing Violence to Memory: The Soweto Uprising, June 16, 1976
by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick
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Schuster, Lynda. A Burning Hunger: One Family's Struggle Against Apartheid. London: Jonathan Cape, 2004.
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Seabrook, Jeremy. Working-Class Childhood. London: Victor Gollancz, 1982.
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Sepamla, Sipho. Ride on the Whirlwind: A Novel of Soweto. London: Heinemann, 1981.
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_______. A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa: 1976. Edited by Horrell, Muriel, Tony Hodgson, Suzanne Blignaut, and Sean Moroney. Johannesburg: South African Institute of Race Relations, 1977.
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Young, James E. The Texture of Memory: Holocaust Memorials and Meaning. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993.
Newspapers and Magazines
Rand Daily Mail
Financial Mail
Beeld
Life: The Observer Magazine
The Star
The World
The Weekend World
Weekly Mail and Guardian
Sechaba: Official Organ of the African National Congress South Africa
Government Publications and Archives
House of Assembly. Questions and Replies. Hansard, 1976
_______. Questions and Replies. Hansard, 1977.
_______. Questions and Replies. Hansard, 1978.
_______. Questions and Replies. Hansard, 1979.
_______. Questions and Replies. Hansard, 1980.
_______. Debates. Hansard, 1976.
_______. Debates. Hansard, 1977.
_______. Debates. Hansard, 1978.
_______. Debates. Hansard, 1979.
_______. Debates. Hansard, 1980.
Central Archives Depot / Sentrale Argiefbewaarplek (SAB). State Archives Service. Pretoria: K345. Archives of the Commission of Inquiry into the Riots in Soweto and Elsewhere, 1976-1978.
Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Human Rights Violations, Submissions—Questions and Answers. Transcript available at Truth and Reconciliation Commission, www.doj.gov.za (Human Rights Violations, Hearings and Submissions; Hearing Transcripts; Johannesburg; Victim Hearings).
Court Cases
State Archives Service, Pretoria, State v. Twala and Ten Others, case K/P 281/79, Transvaal Provincial Division (TPD) of the Supreme Court of South Africa.
State Archives Service, Pretoria, civil-court case WLD 6857/77, West Rand Bantu Administration v. Santam (WRAB v. Santam).
Historical Papers Collection, University of the Witwatersrand, Cullen Library.
Films
Two Decades … Still, June 16. Produced by Loli Repanis, directed by Khalo Carlo Matabane, for SABCTV. Aired 16 June 1996.
Interviews
Bizos, George. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Johannesburg, May 1995.
Cillié, Petrus M. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Johannesburg, April 1995.
Khumalo Emmanuel. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Johannesburg, June, 1993.
Lebelo, Steve. Conversation with Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Johannesburg, June-August 1992.
Lekganyane, Helen. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Tape recording. Johannesburg, November 1994.
Maoto, Nkosana. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Notes. October 1998.
Mashaba, Sam. Interview conducted by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Tape recording. Johannesburg, September 1993.
Mekgwe, Johannes. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Johannesburg, May, 1995.
Mofokeng, Santu. Conversations with Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. July 1994.
Mokae, Phestus. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Johannesburg, June 1992.
Mokganyetsi, Lilli. Interview conducted by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Tape recording. Johannesburg, June 1993, December 1993, September 1994.
Mokoena, Steve. Conversation with Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Johannesburg, September 1992.
Mokwena, Precious. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Johannesburg, May 1995.
Molotsi, Zakes. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Tape recording. Johannesburg, May, 1995.
Morobe, Murphy. Interview by John Robbie. Radio 702 Talk Radio16, June 1993.
Mulaudzi, Maanda. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. February 1994, 29 October 1998.
Sebake, Edna. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Johannesburg, June 1993, September 1994.
Suzman, Helen. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Tape recording. Johannesburg, April 1995.
Tloteng, Tabo. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Tape recording. Johannesburg, July 1994.
Tshetlo, Patience. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Tape recording. Johannesburg, June 1995.
Twala, Vuka. Interview by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Tape recording. Johannesburg, November 1994.
Yutar, Percy. Conversation with Helena Pohlandt-McCormick. Johannesburg, April 1995.
Radio 702 Talk Radio. Interviewer: John Robbie. Anniversary of June 16, 1976: 1993, 1994, 1995.
African National Congress
www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/
Underground Documents:
www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/ug/
United Nations in the Struggle Against Apartheid
www.anc.org.za/un/
Oliver Tambo-Statement At The Plenary Meeting Of The United Nations General Assembly, New York, October 26, 1976:
www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/or/or76-4.html
Oliver Tambo-Render South Africa Ungovernable! Message Of The National Executive Committee Of The African National Congress On The 73rd Anniversary Of Anc, January 8, 1985
www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/or/or85-1.html
Sechaba
www.disa.ukzn.ac.za/journals/jourseexpand.htm
Sechaba, Volume 11 -- How June 16 Demo was planned - Tebello Motapanyane
disa.nu.ac.za/browse/journalExpand.asp
Sechaba, 1977, Volume 11 Second Quarter,
disa.nu.ac.za/browse/journalExpand.asp
Digital Imaging Project of South Africa (DISA)
aboutdisa.ukzn.ac.za/index.old.html
National Archives and Records Service of South Africa (NARS):
www.national.archives.gov.za/aboutnasa_content.html
www.national.archives.gov.za/index.htm
Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC):
www.doj.gov.za/trc/trc_frameset.htm
South African History Online
Legislation-Chronology-(1856-1990's)
www.sahistory.org.za/pages/chronology/special-chrono/chronology_legislation.html
Charles Molele, "The enigma behind June 16," Sunday Times
www.sundaytimes.co.za/heritage/tebohomashinini/teboho03.asp